Brooder.



- PATENTED OCT. '30, 1906'.

' No. v834.401.-

R. M. NORTH.

BRooDBR. APPLICATION FILE'D FEB.12,1906.

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QN NN PATENTED OCT. 30, 1906.

R. M. NORTH.

l BRooDBR. APPLIUATION FILED PEB. 12,1906.

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No. 834,401, Y

. PATENTED OCT. 30, l906.

R. M. NORTH.

BROODBR.

Arrmonlon FILED 223.12.1906.

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. the specification.

- iioor of the `brooding-chamber.

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velongated box, having UNITED srAfias RALPH M. NORTH, OF VERONA,

NEW JERSEY.

BROOD'R.

, No. 834,401. 4 Q

To @ZZ wiz/0m it may concern,.- Be it known that I, RALPH citizen of the United rona, in the county of M. NORTH, a States, residing at Ve- Essex and State oN ew Ainvented new and useful Improvements in Brooders, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact specification, reference being lhad to the drawings forming apart hereof.

This'invention'relates to broeders in which artllicial v.heatis employed to maintain a unicupants, usually chicl stitute for thel and the Objects {s} and serve as a subrooding by the mother-hen; ot' my invention are to provide a heat distribution similar to` that obtained from the mother-hen in natural brooding and means for insuring its even control, together with a readily-accessible and readilycleaned brooder-house land a simplified deol crowding among vOther advant. ges will be apparent from In the drawings, Figure l is a side view, artly in section, showing .the interior of the roo'der-house embodying my invention. Fig.`2 is a vertical cross-sectional View on the' line 2 2 of Fig. 1. Fig.3 is a horizontal crosssectional view of the hover-space on the line 3 3 of Fig; 1 and showing in plan the removableI floor-slats of the brooding-chamber. Fig. 4 is a view from below looking up into the heat-dristributing chambenand showing the manner of attachment of this part to the Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional detail, on an enlarged scale, ofthe adjustable heat yHector. Figs. Gand 7 are enlarged cross-seetional `details of the means for attaching the heat-distributing chamber to the lloor of the brooding-chamber. @Fig 8 is a perspective of the central Slat of the removable Hoor-slats. Fig. 9 is a horizontal cross-sectional detail of the slide in which the window-.frame 56 is mounted.

Similar,numerals designate corresponding parts throughout the several views. l The broeder-house 1 is in the shape of an l the sides 2 2 and ends 3 tand 1s without a bottom except for the narrow vstrip 5, on which stands the lamp or other source of heat 6. The covers ofthe brood er-l reuse consist of the removable pieces '7 S, arranged to be supported uponthe upper edgesoll ti-.fe sides 2, with moderate inclina`" tions, as showin,I to facilitate the escape ofl Specification of Letters Patent. Application filed February 12. 1906. Serial No. 300.760.

. eline leads u rain. The cover 7 is provided on its under are received in notches 10 1nl the upper edUes .upperl edge of the cover 7. A cleat 12', a1'- ranged transversely on the under surface of thecover 8, engages in notches 1.3 inthe upper edges of the sides 2 to hold the cover 8 in place, and hooks 14, engaging with staples inthe sides 2, serve to lock the coverS securely in position.l The cover 8 being secured in position, it follows that the cover 7 is also held of its upper edge y thisarrangement forded to the interior of the brooderhouse, the release of the hooks 14 permitting the removal of The interior of the Vb rooder house is tially horizontal iloor into an upper anda lower compartment, the upper compartment above the floor containing the broodingchamber from each other by the curtain 17, suspended from a strip 18, extending between the sides 2 2. indows 19 in the sides 2 give light to rthe play-chamber. From the floor 20 ofthe play-chamber a runway 21 on a slight into the iioor 22 of the broodingchamber. he end 3 of next the playfchamber is provided with a. ,slide 23, which may be-raised and lowered to serve as a door when it is desired to permit the chicks to reach the open airl` The slide may be secured in raised position by means oi a pivoted 'button 24 capable of engagement with a, notch 25 inthe end 3.

1n the groove l1 1 of the coverA ready access is afthe entire upper cover of the house.-

the 'brooder-house,

Patented oct. 3o, 1906. y,

surface with two transverse cleats 9, which groove 1'1 near its upper edge-to receive the i in position by reason of theengagement divided, broadly speaking, by'a. substan i l se 15 and play-chamber 16, separated,A

The lower compartment of the brooder-u-` houseis ivided by a'partition .lamp-chamber'27 under the ber and an air-chamber 28 26' into the brooding-chamunder the playchamber` and runway, the air being trapped z portionof this chamber under in the forward the p lay-cl1a1nber floor, so as to form a sort of dead air space under the vplay chamber.' Port holes or openings 29 admit air to the airhis/arrange# ing a plentiful sup/ply of air .l

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for combustion avoids a direct draft on the lamp and the consequent danger of. extinguishing it, as would be likely to occur if the orteholes were located in the walls of the lamp-chamber.A A door in the end d* at the iront of the lamp-chamber gives access to the lamp andis provided with a window Another window 32 in the end 4 at the front of the brooding-chamber facilitates inspection of the interior and serves to attract the chicks from the runway into the warmer brooding-chamber, since chicks naturally run toward the light. The window 32 is mounted in a frame 56, working in a vertical slide 49, so that it can be removed when the `cover 8 is off, thus providing an opening through which dirt may be scraped outfrom the brooding-chamber iioor.

it is the natural tendency of chicks to crowd together for warmth, with theresul-t that the smaller and weaker ones are trarnpled on or smothered. This is `a serious l drawback to the practlcability of many brooders, since in them this tendency is assisted rather than hindered by the provision within the hover of. free open spaces within which the chicks crowd together, each struggling to get near the warmest portion of the hover by jumping upon or burrowing under one another. This objectionable tendency -may be overcome by the interposition of obstacles to the free massing or crowding of the chicks, located at the points where it is found that the chicks congregate most oompactlynamely, at the warmest points. To this end 38, interspersed throughout and traversing the hover-space and spaced apart, so that while they permit the freepassage of individual chicks between them they interpose a positive obstruction to any attempt of the chicks to mass together, jump upon, or burrow under one another', and break up into a number of small groups the otherwise compact brood. These posts extend from the bottoni to the top of the hoverspace, and l make'them of hollow tubing to provide flues or air-passages within them for a purpose to be presently described.

ln the construction of my specialheating means l have endeavored to copy as closely as possible the distribution of heat as found in natural brooding, wherein the chicks receivie theheat from above and from the sides or from. thek body, wings, and legs of the mother-hen-` A rectangular opening inthe floor of the brooding-chamber receives a men tallic plate 33, which rests on buttons 34st the sides of the opening, these buttons being employed for a special purpose which will be explained later. Depending from this plate and removably attached thereto by two fixed cleats 35 and two pivoted buttons 36 (see Figs. 4, 6, and 7) is an inverted hollow metal lidoone 37, with its apex cut off to form an opening into which the top' of the lamp-chimney projects. This inverted conc receives a current of hot air from the lam ,i and acts :is a heat-distrilniting chamber below the tloor, serving to direct the hot-air currents up wardly into the lines of the posts 38, arranged to connect at their lower ends with a series of openings in the metallic plate 33. 'lhe heat distributing chamber 37 serves also by radiationto warm the air in the upper part of the lamp-chamber, and thus ver f slightly to warm suoli portions of the iloor of the brooding-chamber as are not included within'the circumference of, the upper end of the heatdistributing chamber 37. It is not goed for the chicks to have too much heat ou legs; but l find it very desirable to take the chill off the floor, and this is perfectly accomplished by the radiation from the chamber 37, as abo-ve mentioned. The posts 38 are united to the metallic plate 33 at their lower ends in any suitable way. After traversing thev hover-space the lines in the posts 38 discharge at their upper 'ends through openings in a plate 39 into a cone-sha ed chamber or heat-radiator 40 within the rooding-chamber 15, the plate 39 serving as the base of the cone and being fastened to the upper ends of the posts 38 in the same manner as is theV plate 33 at their lower ends. The heating- :flues in the posts 38 by passing through the "floor and traversing and discharging beyond the hover-space thus connect the source of heat and the heat-radiator. l Leading from the upper' end of the heat-radiator is the smoke-pipe 41, provided with a damper 42 and discharging through a suitable opening 43, preferably located in one ofthe sides 2 of the brooding-house, as shown, to prevent the entrance of rain. The smoke-pipe fits loosely in the opening 43 with free play, so as to admit of adjustment, as will be described later.

The s )ace above the brooding-chamber fioor included between the metallic plate 33 and the plate 39 of the heat-radiator is the hover-s )ace and is warmed both by the heat radiated from the posts 3S and the heat-radiatorU. The fioor beneath the hover-'space is specially constructed so as to admit of rethe moval for cleaning and is composed of a series of removable 'slats 44,' arranged to rest upon the fixed or permanent portion 22 of the iioor, these slats having notches along their sides at the proper intervals to receive the posts 38. ly turning the slats up edge1N wise they may be witin'irawn from between the posts and cleaned, afterward being restored to position. The central slat 45, in addition to the notches alon its sides, is provided with a short tongue, designed when in position to lill the space adiacen'one of the posts 38. (Sec Figs. 3 and 8.) By taking off the cover 8 the heating apparatus may be lifted out in its entirety, carrying the removable slats 44, 45 with it.

The arrangement of the posts 38 with intehot-air lines isy of additional `advantage in preventing the lcrowding of the chicks, sincev .this construction affords a plurality of heat 1 brooders by having centers', all at a uniform-temperatura about lwhichthe chicksmay cuddle, instead of one heat centeronly, as usual heretofore. Many but one heat center naturally draw thechicks to it, as it necessarily 4becomes the warmest place in the broodingthe/ heat-radlator 40,

' supplying chamber, and thus crowding is induced. By

numerous centers of equal temperature am enabled to mak gree 'ofheat Y. he' warm posts 38 are also a,

serviceable substitute for the legs and wings of the mother-hen, slncelfrom them the chick receives on its sides the heat that it would or.- dinarily receive in like manner from the 'legs of its mother, while at. the same time the heat supplied by the lues to the heat-radiator 40'above the hover-space is radiated downward upon the chick, like the heat from the body ot the hen.

. It is desirable to have the hover-s ace onlv slightly greater 'irrheightthan the' eight of 'the' chicks otherwise the chicks jump upon lor burrow under one another.

vgrow in height the hover-space must' be ad- As'the chleks justed in helght from time to time toaccommodate their increase in height. For this pur ose I have arranged the buttons 34, alrea y mentioned as used for a special 'purpose, to support the metallic plate 3.3, 'but when turne aside will permit the plate 3.3, with the attached conev 37,. the osts 38, and all to be owered to' a considerable extent toreduce the height of the hover-space, this change i'n position being ossible by reason of the free play of the smo e-pipe 41 in the opening 43, as already mentioned. As the ends of the slats 44 45 extend over and restl upon the permanent floor 22 of the brooding-chamber they will not be disturbed in this adjustment, but will retain their formerposition, the posts 38 sliding downward through the holes in the slats, the result being that the`plate 39, with the heat-radiator, will be brought nearer to the slats, .and thus, in effect, the height of the hover-space will be decreased to any desired extent. In its lowered position the plate 33 rests upon the ledges 46 47, these being so located as to make the height of the hoverspace suitable f or the very youngest chicks.

Within the heat-distributing chamber 37. is an adjustable heat-dei'lector 48, interposed between the source of heat and the heating- .flues in the posts 38 and serving as a means of' the deflector opening the passage forheatftoVA t/he fines on one side and obstructing its pase every portion of the brooding-chamber show the same de sage on the other side, and thus when from any clause, as lbyv a strong wind blowing against one side of the brooder-house, that side is found to be cold rected to that part of the house by suitably adjusting the deflector.

claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is`

1. In a brooder, alloor, a hover-space above the floor, a plurality of heating-fines spaced apart and assing through the floor and traversing and) dischargingbeyond the hover-s ace, and means for supplying heat to the. ues, substantially as described.`

2. In a brooder, a floor, a hover-space above the lioor, a plurality ot heating-lines discharging eyond the hover space, a source of heat, and a heat-deflector interposed between the lsource of heat and the heatinglines, substantially as described.

posed of slats, a hover-space above the floor, a pluralityeof heating-hues spaced apart and passing through lthe Afloor and through the hover-space, and means for supplying/heat to the iiues, substantially as described( above the floor, a heat-radiator above'ithe hover-space, -a source of heat, and a plurality of heating-lines passing through the iioor and traversin(r and discharging beyond the hoverspace and connecting the source ol' heat and t e heat-radiator, substantially as described.

5. In a brooder, a licor,r a hover-space above the iioor, aheatradiator above the hover-space nd vertically adjustable with respect to thiJ Hoor, whereby the-height of the hover-space may be varied, a source ot heat, and a plurality of heating-liu es passing through the lioor and traversing and discharging beyond the hover-space and connecting thesource of heat and the heat-"C radiator, substantially as described.

6. In a brooder, a floor, a hover-space above the floor, a heat-radiator above the hover-space, a source of heat, and a plurality of heatlng-iiues spaced apart and passing through the floor and through the hovers ace and connecting the source of heat and tiie heat-radiator, substantially as described.

7. In a brooder, a licor, a hover-space above the Hoor, a heat-radiator above 4the hover-space, a source of heat, a plurality of heating-lines spaced a art and passing through the floor and through the hoverys ace and connecting the source of heat and tiie heat-radiator, and anvadjustableheatdeiiector interposed betweenv the source 4of heat and the heating-fines, whereby the discontrolledJ substantially "above the floor,

more heat may be di- Having described my invention, what I passing through the Hoor and traversing and 3. In a brooder, a removable floor `com- 4. In a brooder, a floor, a hover-space IOO IZO

tribution of heat to the heating-flues maybe a oo'r, a hover-space; V.a plurality of posts spacedg apart and interspersed throughout the hover-space, heeting-{lues within the posts passing through the floor and dischargingT beyond the hover-space, ssmoke-pipe, and ineens for su plying heat to the iues, substantielly es dhsoribed.

9. In e brooder, e iloor, e brooding-charnber above the i'loor, a. heat-radiator within the brooding-chamber, e hover-space between the heet-radiator and the iioor7 e plurelity of lieeting-ues spaced spart and passing through the floor end traversing and discharging beyond the hover-space, and ineens for su plying heat to the iiues, substentielly es escribed.

10. In e broeder, afloor, n. brooding-cheniber above the iioor, e heet-radiator within the hrooding-chernber, s. hover-space between the heet-radiator and the floor, e

heet-distributinv chamber below the ioor, means for supplying heet to the heet-distributing chamber, a plurality of heating.y

ilues vspacedepart und passing through the floor and through vthe hover-.space and connecting the heat-distributing chamber and the heat-radiator, and en edjustableheatdeiector within the heat-distributing chember, whereby the distribution of heat to the heeting-flues mey be controlled, substantially as described.

ln testimony whereof Iphave signed my neme to this specification in the presence of two subscribing Witnesses. y

RALPHv M. NORTH.

i Witnesses:

G. W. CARMAN, T. W. TANEHABER. 

